Defensa antioxidante en el cuerpo humano: Una revisión (Teoría de los radicales libres)
Resumen
Son numerosas las especies antioxidantes presentes en el cuerpo humano (tanto endógenas como exógenas, unas de ellas hidrofílicas, otras lipofílicas, unas enzimáticas y otras no enzimáticas, intracelulares y extracelulares) para la protección de procesos corporales y contra agentes oxidantes agresivos. La formación excesiva de especies oxidantes reactivas (Ej., especies de oxígeno y nitrógeno) en el organismo, producen daños a lípidos, carbohidratos, proteínas, ácidos nucleicos y afectan a genes, células, órganos, tejidos, sistemas orgánicos y otros. En el artículo se establece la relación entre procesos redox y actividad de agentes antioxidantes, en particular catalíticos, y se presenta una revisión del origen, procedencia, acción, actividad y recomendaciones para la protección y defensa del organismo, con los agentes antioxidantes. Es importante mencionar, que en general y de acuerdo a su constitución y propiedades, los antioxidantes presentan selectividad en la protección que realizan, por lo que es recomendable mantener una dieta variada de los mismos.
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