Envíe este artículo por correo electrónico La electroquímica en la evaluación de la corrosión en estructuras de concreto reforzado
Resumen
Las armaduras originalmente se encuentran pasivadas dentro del concreto hasta que se inicia el proceso de corrosión. La acción degradante de los agentes agresivos comienza en la superficie del concreto penetrando progresivamente hacia el interior a medida que incrementa la porosidad, permeabilidad y tensiones internas. A medida que avanza el grado de deterioro produce pérdida de masa y capacidad resistente. Durante el proceso de corrosión en estructuras de concreto reforzado, la zona anódica y la catódica están localizadas en la superficie del acero de refuerzo, mientras que el concreto actúa de electrolito, estableciendo una celda electroquímica. En la evaluación de la velocidad de corrosión se utilizan ensayos naturales, simulados y acelerados. Sin embargo, se prefiere utilizar técnicas electroquímicas de ensayos de corrosión acelerada que permite simular una velocidad de corrosión en breves periodos de tiempo. La medida del potencial eléctrico, ruido electroquímico y tomografía electroquímica se pueden medir espontáneamente. Mientras que resistencia a la polarización lineal, polarización cíclica, voltametría cíclica, Impedancia electroquímica, pulso galvanostatico, y otras, requieren aplicar una perturbación eléctrica para conseguir una cantidad de corrosión significativa mediante la formación de iones Fe++, en un tiempo relativamente corto, y así determinar la consecuencia de la corrosión en la armadura.
Recibido: 11-01-2022 Aceptado: 15-02-2022Palabras clave
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