Influencia de la diabetes mellitus 2 en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Diabetes mellitus 2 and its influence on Alzheimer’s disease
Resumen
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53766/GICOS/2024.09.02.12
RESUMEN
La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 es una enfermedad crónica multifactorial, caracterizada por la presencia de una resistencia a la insulina generada por una disfunción de las células beta. La enfermedad de Alzheimer es considerada como la enfermedad neurodegenerativa más frecuente de las demencias, se caracteriza por un deterioro progresivo y persistente de la función cognitiva global. A través de investigaciones epidemiológicas se observa que la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 se asocia con un mayor riesgo de deterioro cognitivo y su progreso hacia la demencia, con mayor frecuencia a una demencia tipo Alzheimer. La revisión bibliográfica se basó en la utilización de la metodología PICO para extraer información actualizada sobre la influencia que ejerce la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sobre la demencia tipo Alzheimer, de artículos actualizados publicados los últimos cinco años, en la base de datos BVS y PubMed. Para el respectivo análisis, se eligieron 13 artículos, trabajos investigativos que exploraron la relación de estas dos enfermedades por medio de test neurológicos, análisis del ADN mitocondrial y resonancia magnética. Los 13 artículos científicos evidenciaron, que la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 tiene una influencia significativa en el desarrollo de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, debido a los cambios cognitivos demostrados.
ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial chronic disease, characterized by the presence of insulin resistance generated by beta cell dysfunction. Alzheimer's disease is considered the most frequent neurodegenerative disease of dementias, it is characterized by a progressive and persistent deterioration of global cognitive function. Through epidemiological investigations it is observed that type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of cognitive deterioration and its progression towards dementia, more frequently to Alzheimer type dementia. The present bibliographical review is based on extracting updated information on the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on Alzheimer's dementia, from updated articles published in the last 5 years, in the BVS and PubMed databases. For the respective analysis, they chose 13 articles, research papers that explored the relationship between these two diseases through neurological tests, mitochondrial DNA analysis, and magnetic resonance imaging. The 13 scientific articles showed that type 2 diabetes mellitus has a significant influence on the development of Alzheimer's disease, due to the cognitive changes demonstrated.
Recibido: 12-11-202
Aprobado: 11-04-2024
Publicado: 25-05-2024
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